Computer programming languages allow us to give instructions to a computer in a language the computer understands. Just as many human-based languages exist, there is a list of computer programming languages that programmers can use to communicate with a computer. The portion of the language that a computer can understand is called a binary.
A computer program is a sequence of instructions along with data to process needful action. In other words, a computer is a computational device that is used to process the data under the control of a computer program.So, these computer programs are written using a programming language which is called high-level programming languages. High-level programming languages are nearly human languages which are more complex than the computer understandable (computer only understands binary language) language which is called machine language, or low-level language. Basically, computer programming languages are divided into two categories, as- low-level language and high-level language.
Characteristics of a programming Language–
• A programming language must be simple, easy to learn and use, have good readability, and is human recognizable.
• A portable programming language is always preferred.
• Programming language’s efficiency must be high so that it can be easily converted into machine code and executed consumes little space in memory.
• A programming language should be well structured and documented as it is suitable for application development.
• Necessary tools for development, debugging, testing, and maintenance of a program must be provided by a programming language.
• A programming language should provide a single environment known as the Integrated Development Environment (IDE).
• A programming language must be consistent in terms of syntax and semantics.